Yes. There are 7 icons which are added in the layout layer and do not change (these are for metadata and also alongside the permalink, reply and read-comment links).

Though, I guess there's nothing to stop any theme makers from coming along and changing them to their own icons or setting them to "" (ie. effectively removing them).

There are then 7 further new icons added for each theme layer - these are a tag icon for each tag in tags lists and arrows to go alongside parent/thread/expand/etc links in comments.